Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Spent Bleaching Earth dan Kayu Kaliandra Terhadap Kualitas Briket Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36275/7n53z644Keywords:
Kaliandra, Briket, Spent Bleaching Earth, Nilai Kalor, Bahan Bakar AlternatifAbstract
Pertumbuhan industri minyak sawit meningkatkan volume limbah Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) yang mengandung residu minyak 19–20% yang pengelolaannya masih menjadi tantangan lingkungan namun berpotensi untuk dioptimalkan sebagai bahan bakar terbarukan dengan dikombinasi menggunakan arang kayu kaliandra. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi komposisi campuran SBE dan arang kayu Kaliandra terhadap karakteristik termal dan fisik briket. Metode yang digunakan adalah pencampuran variasi proporsi SBE dengan arang kayu Kaliandra dengan memvariasikan rasio SBE: arang kayu Kaliandra sebesar 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, dan 30:70 (% berat). Kemudian diuji parameternya yang meliputi nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadar zat menguap (Volatile Matter). Hasil pengujian dibandingkan dengan standar mutu briket arang kayu (SNI 01-6235-2000). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi komposisi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap seluruh parameter uji (p<0,05). Briket rasio 10:90 menghasilkan nilai kalor 5.735 kal/g, kadar air 7,72%, kadar abu 5,98%, dan kadar zat menguap 21,67%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan sangat kuat antara proporsi arang Kaliandra dengan nilai kalor (R2=0,988), kadar air (R2=0,971), serta kadar abu (R2=0,957). Berdasarkan standar SNI 01-6235-2000, rasio 10:90 merupakan formulasi paling optimum karena memenuhi ambang batas mutu nilai kalor, kadar air, dan kadar abu. Meskipun kadar zat menguap masih di atas standar (>15%), briket dengan rasio 10:90 menunjukkan performa termal yang baik, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif industri yang potensial.
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