Analisis Risiko Postur Kerja Operator Pemotongan Kain pada Industri Garmen Menggunakan Metode RULA dan REBA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36275/qrrzh654Keywords:
Ergonomi, Postur Kerja, RULA, REBA, Pemotongan KainAbstract
Kajian ergonomi pada industri garmen umumnya masih banyak berfokus pada proses produksi massal, sedangkan analisis postur kerja pada proses pembuatan sampel garmen, khususnya aktivitas pemotongan kain, masih terbatas. Proses pembuatan sampel memiliki karakteristik berbeda karena melibatkan variasi pola, jenis kain, bentuk potongan, dan tuntutan ketelitian yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis risiko postur kerja operator pemotongan kain dalam pembuatan sampel garmen di PT X menggunakan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) dan Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Kombinasi kedua metode digunakan karena aktivitas pemotongan kain melibatkan anggota tubuh bagian atas sekaligus postur tubuh secara menyeluruh. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif observasional dengan pengamatan langsung terhadap 13 aktivitas kerja operator, terdiri atas 7 aktivitas dianalisis menggunakan RULA dan 6 aktivitas menggunakan REBA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor RULA tertinggi sebesar 7 pada aktivitas pengambilan kain yang siap dipotong dan pemotongan bagian tersulit kain yang telah diberi sketsa. Skor REBA tertinggi sebesar 8 terdapat pada aktivitas membuat sketsa kain dan penggunaan beban agar kain tetap rapi saat dipotong. Secara keseluruhan, 30,8% aktivitas berada pada prioritas intervensi segera, 53,8% pada tingkat risiko sedang, dan 15,4% pada tingkat risiko rendah. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperluas kajian ergonomi kerja pada industri garmen melalui pemetaan risiko postur kerja pada proses pembuatan sampel serta penyusunan prioritas perbaikan ergonomi berbasis aktivitas kerja.
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