Hubungan Parameter Lingkungan terhadap Kelimpahan Bakteri Bacillus pada Ekosistem Perairan di Sumatra Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36275/j9aa2w46Keywords:
Bacillus, Parameter Lingkungan, Sedimen Perairan, KorelasiAbstract
Ekosistem perairan merupakan komponen penting yang rentan terhadap perubahan lingkungan akibat aktivitas antropogenik yang dapat memengaruhi keberadaan mikroorganisme, termasuk bakteri Bacillus. Bacillus memiliki peran ekologis penting dalam siklus biogeokimia, sehingga penting untuk memahami keterkaitannya dengan kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara parameter lingkungan dengan kelimpahan Bacillus pada sedimen perairan di Sumatra Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif korelasional dengan pengambilan sampel sedimen di 12 titik yang mewakili ekosistem pantai, muara, sungai, dan danau. Parameter lingkungan yang dianalisis meliputi pH, suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut (DO), total organic carbon (TOC), ammonium, nitrit, nitrat, fosfat, dan sulfat. Identifikasi Bacillus dilakukan mengacu pada ISO 7218:2007, sementara analisis statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis dan korelasi Pearson/Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Bacillus terdeteksi di seluruh lokasi dengan variasi kelimpahan. Korelasi positif yang kuat ditemukan antara Bacillus dan amonium (r = 0,725; P < 0,05), sedangkan parameter lain seperti pH, salinitas, dan sulfat hanya menunjukkan hubungan positif lemah (r = 0,084-0,473; p >0,05). Sebaliknya, DO, suhu, TOC, nitrit, nitrat, dan fosfat berkorelasi negatif namun tidak signifikan (r = (-0,072) - (-0,321); P > 0,05). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa dinamika Bacillus lebih dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan senyawa nitrogen, khususnya amonium, dibandingkan parameter lainnya. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, Bacillus berpotensi sebagai bioindikator kualitas perairan dan mendukung pengelolaan lingkungan serta aplikasi bioteknologi perairan.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Suci Handayani, Suci Fitria Rahmadhani Z, Andi Irawan, Hendri Sawir (Author)
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